Final answer:
Marco has a physical dependence on Dilaudid, which means stopping use of the drug causes him severe physical withdrawal symptoms, in addition to emotional distress.
Step-by-step explanation:
Marco is dependent on the narcotic Dilaudid to the degree that cessation causes severe physiologic and emotional reactions; he has a(n) physical dependence to Dilaudid. This term specifically describes a condition in which stopping use of a substance such as a psychoactive drug produces physical and/or psychological symptoms.
A physical dependence on substances like Dilaudid indicates that the body has adapted to the presence of the drug. This adaptation results in withdrawal symptoms upon cessation. Drug dependence is a broad term that can refer to both physical and psychological dependency. Physiological changes occur, and if the individual tries to quit or reduce usage, they will experience discomfort and physical withdrawal symptoms, which can include tremors, pain, seizures, or other acute health issues. Psychological dependence, on the other hand, is characterized by an emotional need for the drug to relieve distress. The development of tolerance is also associated with physical dependence; over time, the person requires increasing amounts of the drug to achieve the same effects. This can lead to dangerous levels of consumption and a heightened risk of overdose and death. Therefore, in Marco's case, the term physical dependence applies as cessation is producing severe physiological reactions.