Final answer:
Pericardiocentesis is the surgical procedure that involves puncturing the space surrounding the heart to remove fluid.
Step-by-step explanation:
The surgical procedure that involves puncturing the space surrounding the heart to remove fluid is called pericardiocentesis. Pericardiocentesis is a procedure where a needle or catheter is inserted into the pericardial sac to drain excess fluid, typically blood or other fluid, and relieve compression on the heart. It is performed under local anesthesia and guided by imaging techniques such as echocardiography or fluoroscopy.