Final answer:
Osteoclasis is the word that describes the surgical fracture of a bone. It is distinct from osteotomy, arthroscopy, and osteosarcoma, which refer to other bone and joint-related procedures or conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The word that means surgical fracture of a bone is Osteoclasis. This procedure involves intentionally breaking a bone to correct a deformity. In common medical practice, procedures like closed reduction or open reduction are implemented to set a bone after a fracture has occurred. Closed reduction is a non-surgical procedure to set the bone, while open reduction involves surgical intervention to realign fractured bone pieces. The healing process of fractures generally includes a sequence of events—hematoma formation, callus formation, ossification, and finally, bone remodeling. Healing can be hindered by various factors including age, diet, and pre-existing bone conditions.
It's important to note that terms such as osteotomy (cutting and repositioning a bone), arthroscopy (a minimally invasive surgical procedure on a joint), and osteosarcoma (a type of bone cancer) are distinctly different from osteoclasis and are not used to describe the intentional surgical fracture of a bone.