Final answer:
The phrase 'Judicial power shall extend in all cases arising under this Constitution' refers to the authority of the judiciary to hear and decide cases related to the interpretation and application of the United States Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phrase 'Judicial power shall extend in all cases arising under this Constitution' refers to the authority of the judiciary to hear and decide cases related to the interpretation and application of the United States Constitution. This means that the judicial branch of government has the power to review and rule on cases that involve issues of constitutional law. For example, if a law passed by Congress is challenged as being unconstitutional, the judiciary would have the power to review the law and determine its constitutionality.
When a case arises under the Constitution, it means that the case involves a legal issue that is directly connected to the interpretation or application of the Constitution itself. This could include cases involving individual rights, the balance of power between the federal and state governments, or the scope of government authority. The judiciary is responsible for ensuring that the laws and actions of the government are consistent with the Constitution.