Final answer:
An experienced GMAW welder should use a welding helmet with lens shades ranging from 7 to 13, which are adequate for protecting the eyes from intense light and UV radiation produced during welding. The helmet ensures protection from welder's flash and long-term eye damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
An experienced GMAW welder should use a welding helmet with lens shades that offer appropriate protection for the intensity of the welding they're doing. The general lens shade range for GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) is between shade numbers 7 to 13. This range of lens shades ensures the welder's eyes are protected from the intense thermal energy and UVB light produced by the electric arc during welding, which are significant hazards as indicated by Figure 11.1 and Figure 13.1 references. It's essential that the welder uses a helmet with the correct shade number to prevent welder's flash (photo keratitis or arc eye), an acute condition that can lead to cataracts and other serious eye health issues over time.
Considering the serious potential for eye damage from infrared radiation by using improper filters mentioned in the references, a professional welding helmet with a specific shade rating is crucial. Unlike inadequate protection such as sunglasses or homemade filters, a proper welding helmet lens is designed to protect against all wavelengths of light emitted by the welding process. Moreover, the use of gloves and helmet as described protects the welder from thermal energy that can be felt even meters away, underlining the importance of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).