Final answer:
The statement regarding the creation of the Dominion of New England to punish Massachusetts Bay for failing to convert Indian tribes is false. Although there were occasions when mercy was shown, such as offering clemency to rebels who swore allegiance, historical records demonstrate instances of harsh and unforgiving sentences reflecting a general lack of mercy in some periods and contexts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the Dominion of New England was created in part to punish Massachusetts Bay for its failure to convert local Indian tribes is false. The Dominion was primarily established by King James II in 1686 to tighten control over the administrative affairs of the New England colonies and to enforce the Navigation Acts, which were aimed at enforcing trade laws and customs duties. The Dominion consolidated several colonies under a single appointed governor, which led to significant political upheaval and dissatisfaction among colonists.
The Administration of Justice Act allowed officials to use force without fear of prosecution in some cases, which implies a lack of mercy in the judicial system. And in a historical example regarding the young men sentenced to death, despite the truth being revealed, the prejudice of the time often led to unjust sentencing, which again suggests a lack of mercy. However, in the face of rebellion, there was an offer of clemency to rebels who took an oath of allegiance. This indicates that while mercy was sometimes extended, it was usually within the context of suppressing dissent and maintaining control.