Final answer:
The term for a field that uniquely identifies each record in a database table is 'primary key'. It ensures that each record is unique and enables linking with other tables through foreign keys.
Step-by-step explanation:
A primary key field is a field that uniquely identifies each record in a database table. This key is crucial in relational databases as it allows records to be retrieved, updated, or related to records in other tables.
In contrast, an identity field is simply a column that automatically generates a unique value, usually for surrogate key purposes. A foreign key is used to establish a link between the data in two tables, based on the primary key of another table. Finally, an entity in a database context often refers to a table or an object representing a real-world entity.