Question

What intermolecular forces are present in each of the substances, where intermolecular forces refer to:

A) Forces within a molecule
B) Forces between different molecules
C) Forces between charged particles
D) Forces within a crystal lattice

Answer 1

Intermolecular forces include London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding. These forces determine many of the physical properties of a substance.

Step-by-step explanation:

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular forces are the attractions between molecules that determine many of the physical properties of a substance. There are several types of intermolecular forces:

1. London dispersion forces: These are present in all molecules and are caused by temporary shifts in electron density. They are the weakest intermolecular forces.
2. Dipole-dipole forces: These occur between polar molecules, where the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule.
3. Hydrogen bonding: This is a special type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs between hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms (such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine) and lone pairs of electrons on nearby atoms.