Final answer:
Train operators should suspect a defect in the brake system if the train stops beyond the usual spot with normal brake application, due to the system's crucial role in decelerating the train safely. Troubleshooting brake issues involves understanding various stopping distances and recognizing the importance of reliable braking for vehicle safety.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a train stops beyond the usual spot with a normal brake application, operators should primarily suspect a defect in the brake system. The brake system is responsible for safely reducing the speed of the train until it comes to a complete stop. The distance a train covers before stopping can be greatly affected by issues in the braking mechanism, which could include worn brake pads, leaks in the air brake system, or malfunctioning brake controls. Knowledge of the distance the driver covers before hitting the brakes, how long the train takes to stop after applying the brakes, and the total distance the train covers to stop is critical for diagnosing such issues.
Given the historical impact of the air brake invention by George Westinghouse, it revolutionized train safety by enabling centralized brake control for the entire train, replacing the manual and dangerous method of braking. If a train's brake system is compromised, it fails to provide that level of safety, potentially leading to accidents. A counter example situation such as the automobile manufacturer knowingly selling faulty vehicles, illustrates the severe liability and risk when dealing with defective brake systems, emphasizing the critical nature of a properly functioning brake system for safety.