Final answer:
Excessive cylinder head and engine oil temperatures can be caused by inadequate cooling, oil with improper viscosity at high temperatures, and heat absorption during gasoline combustion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Excessive cylinder head and engine oil temperatures can be caused by a variety of factors. One common cause is the inadequate cooling of the engine, which can occur if the coolant system is compromised, such as by leaks or blockages that prevent the liquid from flowing effectively. Another reason could be an oil that's too thin at high temperatures. An oil with appropriate viscosity is necessary to lubricate engine parts; however, if the oil becomes too thin when heated, it loses its lubricating properties, leading to increased friction and thus higher temperatures. Also, heat can be lost into the room environment or absorbed by the metal of the engine, which is common during gasoline combustion. This means that if the engine isn't able to expel this heat adequately through its cooling systems, temperatures can rise excessively.