Final answer:
The FDA regulates the approval of efficacy claims on product labels to ensure safety and effectiveness. Companies must conduct extensive testing before marketing their products.
Step-by-step explanation:
The information assigned to a product includes the approval of efficacy claims on the label, which ensures that the product is safe and effective. This information is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. The FDA requires companies to conduct extensive testing to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of their products before they can be marketed.
For drugs, the FDA requires companies to go through a series of large-scale experiments, involving human subjects, to ensure the drug's safety and efficacy. This approval process often takes several years and requires the participation of physicians and chemists.
Additionally, for cosmetic products, although the cosmetic industry is primarily responsible for ensuring safety, the FDA has the power to intervene when necessary. However, pre-market approval or testing is not generally required for cosmetics, and there is no standard method for reviewing chemical ingredients for safety.