Final answer:
Cancer treatment options include a variety of methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy to either cure or control the disease. Adjuvant and palliative treatments are also employed to manage remaining cancer cells or improve quality of life, respectively. Individual treatment plans are based on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient’s health.
Step-by-step explanation:
When discussing what are the different treatment options for malignancies, there are several methods used to treat cancer, depending on its type and stage. The main treatments are designed to remove the cancer or kill the cancer cells, and include:
- Surgery - used to physically remove tumors.
- Chemotherapy - employs drugs to kill rapidly dividing cells.
- Radiation therapy - uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells.
- Immunotherapy - supports the immune system to fight cancer.
Aside from these curative treatments, there are also supportive treatments, such as:
- Adjuvant treatment - given after the primary treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy to eliminate any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of the cancer coming back.
- Palliative treatment - used to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life rather than to cure the cancer.
- Control bleeding, Obstruction, and Compression - these treatments may be necessary to manage symptoms or complications associated with advanced cancers.
Each patient’s treatment plan is individualized, and may include a combination of these options depending on various factors, including the cancer stage, location, and overall health of the patient.