Final answer:
In DIC, fibrin split products and D-dimer are elevated due to the breakdown of fibrin clots, while fibrinogen and platelets are usually decreased as they are consumed during clot formation. Hematocrit doesn't specifically elevate due to DIC.
Step-by-step explanation:
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a condition characterized by the widespread activation of the clotting cascade, which can lead to the formation of clots throughout the blood vessels and subsequent organ damage. It also results in the consumption of clotting factors and platelets, leading to hemorrhage. Fibrin split products and D-dimer levels are elevated due to the breakdown of fibrinogen and fibrin. Conversely, levels of fibrinogen can be decreased due to its excessive consumption. Similarly, the number of platelets generally decreases since they are consumed during the formation of clots. The hematocrit can vary; however, it does not specifically elevate due to DIC mechanism but may be affected by other related conditions such as dehydration or polycythemia.
The constituents that interact to form a clot include platelets, fibrinogen, and clotting factors. In the process of coagulation, fibrinogen is converted to fibrin which forms a mesh that traps more platelets and red blood cells (erythrocytes), producing a clot. This can be seen in a fibrin clot forming within a blood vessel.