Final answer:
The four items required in a patient assessment are vital signs, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four items that are required to be included in the patient assessment are:
- Vital signs: These include body temperature, heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Changes in vital signs can indicate disease.
- Medical history: This involves gathering information about the patient's past medical conditions, medications, allergies, and family history of diseases.
- Physical examination: This includes assessing the patient's overall appearance, checking specific body systems, and performing neurological tests.
- Laboratory tests: These involve analyzing blood, urine, or tissue samples to detect abnormalities or infections.