Final answer:
Alginate impressions are disinfected using chemical disinfectants, as autoclaving and ultraviolet light are not suitable for them. Antiseptics are appropriate for living tissues whereas disinfectants are used on nonliving surfaces. Alkylating agents and alcohols, compared historically to phenol, are commonly used disinfectants and antiseptics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Disinfection of Alginate Impressions:
Alginate impressions may be disinfected by chemical disinfectants. Autoclaving is not used for alginate impressions because the high heat can damage or distort the material. Ultraviolet light disinfection is also not suitable for alginate impressions as it does not penetrate the material effectively to ensure thorough disinfection. Therefore, the recommended method is using specific chemical disinfectants that are effective and do not harm the impression material.
Considering the options for microbial control on living tissues, antiseptics are the correct choice. They are antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction. Disinfectants are not suitable for use on living tissues as they are typically used on nonliving surfaces due to their harshness.
Among chemical agents, the effectiveness of chemical disinfectants has historically been compared to that of phenol, which has been a standard reference. Various alkylating agents, such as formaldehyde, and alcohols like ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, are used as chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. Autoclaves use moist heat for sterilization but are not applicable for alginate impressions.