Final answer:
Inflammation of the pleura caused by bacteria or viruses is termed pleurisy.
The correct answer is options 1
Step-by-step explanation:
Inflammation of the pleura caused by bacteria or viruses is termed pleurisy. This condition occurs when the pleural membrane surrounding the lungs becomes inflamed, which can make breathing very painful. In the context of bacteria or viruses causing lung issues, pneumonia is associated with the alveoli becoming filled with fluid, impeding proper gas exchange, and is often treated with antibiotics if bacterial in nature.
Whereas, pleurisy specifically affects the pleural layers and is not the same as pneumonia, though it can be a complication arising from it. Bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchi and is characterized by coughing and phlegm, whereas tuberculosis is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, affecting the alveoli with protective tubercles. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 1) Pleurisy.