Final answer:
The inflammation of the stomach lining, known as gastritis, can be caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria and excessive intake of NSAIDs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The inflammation of the stomach lining, known as gastritis, can be caused by several factors. One common cause is the gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is able to colonize the stomach and persist by modifying the local acidity.
Another cause of gastritis is excessive intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin. These drugs can interfere with the protective ability of the mucosal barrier in the stomach.
Therefore, the inflammation of the stomach lining can be caused by both bacteria and excessive intake of NSAIDs.