Final answer:
The "catch-all" standard often cited by OSHA inspectors for safety or health hazards not covered by a specific standard is the General Duty Clause.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inspectors encounter a safety or health hazard that is not addressed by a specific standard, they often rely on the General Duty Clause. This clause is part of the OSH Act, which requires employers to maintain a workplace free from serious recognized hazards. The General Duty Clause serves as a broad requirement that can be applied when specific regulations do not exist for a particular hazard. Therefore, when there is no standard that specifically covers a particular safety or health hazard, option 1) General Duty Clause is the one most frequently cited by OSHA inspectors as a "catch-all" standard.