Final answer:
Perioperative stroke risk factors include high blood pressure, history of previous stroke, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, smoking, and history of atherosclerosis. Controlling blood pressure is key to reducing the risk. Age is also a significant risk factor, particularly for those over 65.
Step-by-step explanation:
Perioperative stroke risk factors are important considerations in surgical procedures. Some notable risk factors include high blood pressure, which is the main risk factor for stroke. Effective control of blood pressure, whether through lifestyle modifications or medication, is essential in reducing the risk of stroke. Other significant factors include history of previous stroke, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, and tobacco smoking. Age is also a non-modifiable risk factor, with a significant number of strokes occurring in individuals over 65 years old. Illicit drug use, particularly with substances like amphetamines or cocaine, can contribute to the risk as well. A previous medical history of atherosclerosis in cerebral arteries can predispose individuals to increased stroke risk due to potential blockages affecting brain blood supply.