Final answer:
During general anesthesia, the muscles necessary for breathing may not function properly, leading to a decrease in respiratory rate and volume of air per breath. Additionally, the tongue relaxation under anesthesia can cause respiratory obstruction. Endotracheal intubation is often used to maintain an open airway.
Step-by-step explanation:
General anesthesia can have an effect on the respiratory quotient (RQ). During general anesthesia, the muscles necessary for breathing, including those that move the diaphragm and chest wall, may not function properly. This can lead to a decrease in the volume of air per breath and a decrease in respiratory rate, affecting the RQ.
Additionally, under general anesthesia, the tongue can relax and block the airway partially or fully, potentially causing respiratory obstruction. To ensure patient safety, endotracheal intubation, a procedure where a tube is placed into the trachea, is often used to maintain an open airway and allow proper respiration.
It's important to note that while general anesthesia can impact the respiratory quotient, there are other factors such as hypoventilation, metabolic acidosis, overfeeding, and exercise that can also affect RQ.