Final answer:
General anesthesia during pregnancy poses risks to the fetus, including fetal hypoxia and distress, which can sometimes be indicated by the passage of meconium. Anesthetic agents have also raised concerns regarding miscarriage risk in operating room personnel. The technique of endotracheal intubation is crucial for maintaining an open airway during procedures involving general anesthesia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The risks of general anesthesia for the fetus include potential effects such as immobility, analgesia, amnesia, unconsciousness, and reduced autonomic responsiveness to noxious stimuli. Additionally, the use of certain anesthetic agents has been linked to fetal hypoxia which can be indicated by the passage of meconium in the uterus, a sign of fetal distress. Furthermore, exposure to some anesthetic gases can increase the risk of miscarriage among female operating room personnel, indicating potential risk for the fetus as well.
Endotracheal intubation is utilized during general anesthesia to maintain an open airway to the lungs and protect the airway from blockage by the relaxed tongue. After surgery, it might take up to 30 minutes for the patient to awaken and the breathing muscles to regain control over respiration, and most people experience a sore or scratchy throat for a few days post-operation.