Final answer:
Upper abdominal surgery can have a significant effect on respiratory Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), including changes in lung volumes and impaired lung function. The surgery can impact the diaphragm and abdominal muscles, leading to decreased respiratory capacity and difficulty breathing. It is important for patients to practice deep breathing exercises and follow post-operative instructions to help minimize these effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Upper abdominal surgery can have a significant effect on respiratory Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs). The surgery itself can cause changes in the mechanics of breathing due to the impact on the diaphragm and abdominal muscles. The position of the patient during surgery, such as being in a supine position or undergoing anesthesia, can also affect lung function.
The diaphragm is the main muscle responsible for breathing, and any surgical procedure that affects the diaphragm, including upper abdominal surgery, can lead to respiratory changes. The surgery can cause diaphragmatic dysfunction, which can result in decreased lung volumes and impaired lung function. This can lead to reduced respiratory capacity and difficulty breathing.
Additionally, pain and discomfort after upper abdominal surgery can hinder deep breathing and proper lung expansion. Reduced lung volumes and impaired lung function can lead to a decrease in the ability to perform respiratory tests, such as spirometry, which assess lung volumes and airway function. It is important for patients to practice deep breathing exercises and follow post-operative instructions to help minimize the effects of surgery on respiratory PFTs.