Final answer:
The cervical, thoracic, and lumbar nerve roots exit through the intervertebral foramina in relation to the vertebral pedicles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cervical, thoracic, and lumbar nerve roots are located in relation to the vertebral pedicles in the vertebral column. The pedicles are part of the vertebral arch, which surrounds the vertebral foramen where the spinal cord is located. The nerve roots exit the vertebral column through small openings called intervertebral foramina, which are formed by the notches in the margins of adjacent pedicles. The cervical nerve roots exit through the intervertebral foramina between the cervical vertebrae, the thoracic nerve roots exit through the intervertebral foramina between the thoracic vertebrae, and the lumbar nerve roots exit through the intervertebral foramina between the lumbar vertebrae.