Final answer:
The anesthetic agents increase or decrease intraocular pressure are 2) Halothane and 4) Propofol
Step-by-step explanation:
Intraocular pressure is the pressure inside the eye. Several anesthetic agents can affect intraocular pressure, either by increasing or decreasing it. Halothane, an inhalation anesthetic, can cause a significant increase in intraocular pressure. This increase is believed to result from a reduction in the blood flow to the eye and an increase in the resistance to fluid outflow. Halothane is not commonly used as an anesthetic agent in modern practice due to its side effects and safety concerns.
Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic, has been shown to decrease intraocular pressure. This decrease may be due to its ability to modulate blood flow to the eye and reduce aqueous humor production. Propofol is commonly used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, and its use is associated with minimal changes in intraocular pressure. Among the given options, the correct answer is 2) Halothane and 4) Propofol.