Final answer:
A febrile transfusion reaction is a type II hypersensitivity reaction that occurs when there is a mismatch between the blood types of the donor and recipient. This immune response activates the complement cascade, causing inflammation and resulting in symptoms such as fever, chills, itching, hives, hemoglobinuria, and low blood pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
A febrile transfusion reaction is a type II hypersensitivity reaction that occurs when there is a mismatch between the blood types of the donor and recipient.
During a febrile transfusion reaction, antibodies in the recipient's blood bind to and destroy the transfused red blood cells (RBCs), leading to hemolysis.
This immune response activates the complement cascade, causing inflammation and resulting in symptoms such as fever, chills, itching, hives, hemoglobinuria, and low blood pressure.