Final Answer:
The risk of myocardial ischemia in the pre-operative period can be reduced by administering beta blockers (option 1).
Step-by-step explanation:
Administering beta blockers is a common strategy to reduce the risk of myocardial ischemia in the pre-operative period. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline, thus reducing heart rate and blood pressure. This leads to decreased oxygen demand by the heart muscle, making it beneficial for patients with a history of cardiovascular issues undergoing surgery. Beta blockers help stabilize the cardiovascular system, particularly in individuals at risk of myocardial ischemia or heart-related complications during surgery.
Therefore, the most appropriate answer is 1) Administering beta blockers.