Final answer:
Cisatracurium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with a typical bolus dose of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg, an onset of 2-4 minutes, duration of 45-65 minutes, and it is metabolized through Hofmann elimination. It is preferred over atracurium due to its lesser histamine release and more predictable effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Characteristics of Cisatracurium
Cisatracurium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent used during surgical procedures to induce muscle relaxation. Normal dosing of cisatracurium varies depending on the patient’s needs but typically starts with an initial bolus dose of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg, followed by continuous infusion if necessary. The onset of action is approximately 2-4 minutes, and the duration of action lasts for 45-65 minutes in most cases.
As for metabolism, cisatracurium undergoes Hofmann elimination and ester hydrolysis, which are independent of hepatic and renal functions, making it suitable for patients with organ dysfunction. In terms of comparison, cisatracurium is one of the ten isomers of atracurium but has a more favorable pharmacological profile. This includes less release of histamine and therefore a lower propensity to cause adverse effects such as hypotension and tachycardia than atracurium. Additionally, cisatracurium is typically considered to have a more predictable and consistent response.