Final answer:
Drugs that enhance neuromuscular blockade include nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers, while drugs that cause resistance include cholinesterase inhibitors. Medical conditions that prolong blockade include liver and kidney disease, while myasthenia gravis and genetic mutations cause resistance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Drugs that enhance neuromuscular blockade include nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers, such as d-tubocurarine, atracurium, and rocuronium. These drugs competitively block the action of acetylcholine, preventing muscle contraction.
Drugs that cause resistance to neuromuscular blockade include cholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine and pyridostigmine. These drugs inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine, increasing its concentration and overcoming the blockade.
Medical conditions that prolong neuromuscular blockade include liver disease, kidney disease, and certain genetic disorders. These conditions can impair the metabolism and elimination of neuromuscular blockers from the body.
Medical conditions that cause resistance to neuromuscular blockade include myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder that affects the function of acetylcholine receptors, and some genetic mutations that alter the structure of the receptors.