Final answer:
The 22 gauge needle is commonly used for routine venipunctures, with the 20 gauge being an alternative for larger blood volumes. Proper technique is vital to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The needle size most commonly used for routine venipunctures is the 21 gauge needle. However, among the options provided, the 22 gauge needle is often used for routine blood draws as it is large enough to allow sufficient blood flow for most tests while being small enough to minimize discomfort for the patient. The 20 gauge needle can be used as well, particularly if a larger volume of blood is needed or in situations where blood needs to be drawn quickly. The 18 gauge needle is generally used for situations requiring rapid blood flow, such as blood transfusions, and the 24 gauge needle is typically used for individuals with small or fragile veins. The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of proper venipuncture technique to minimize the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections, which are a significant health concern, leading to many deaths each year.