Question

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with an allergic reaction. Which significant finding by the nurse would indicate that the patient is experiencing anaphylaxis, rather than a more mild reaction?

Answer 1

Anaphylaxis is indicated by a significant drop in blood pressure, respiratory distress, and swelling of the tongue and throat, which are life-threatening symptoms that require immediate treatment with epinephrine.

Step-by-step explanation:

Indicators of Anaphylaxis

The nurse caring for a patient with an allergic reaction should be aware that anaphylaxis is characterized by a set of severe symptoms which include a significant drop in blood pressure, respiratory distress, swelling of the tongue and throat, and changes in heart rate. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening condition and should be treated as a medical emergency. Patients might experience suffocation due to the swelling that can block the airways, and without prompt treatment with epinephrine, the condition can rapidly lead to death. Epinephrine is essential because it constricts blood vessels to increase blood pressure, improves breathing by relaxing smooth muscles in the lungs, and modulates heart rate.

It is crucial for individuals with known severe allergies to carry an automatic epinephrine injector, such as an EpiPen®, especially when they are away from immediate medical assistance. This immediate treatment can be lifesaving, as it helps to control the immune reaction until further medical care is available.