Final answer:
To initiate a closed anesthetic breathing system, the safest procedure is endotracheal intubation. This involves placing a tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway to the lungs and seal it off from the oropharynx.
Step-by-step explanation:
To initiate a closed anesthetic breathing system, the safest procedure is called endotracheal intubation. This involves placing a tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway to the lungs and seal it off from the oropharynx. After surgery, the anesthesiologist gradually changes the mixture of gases keeping the patient unconscious, and when the muscles of respiration begin to function, the tube is removed.
It is important to note that it takes about 30 minutes for a patient to fully wake up and for the breathing muscles to regain control of respiration. Additionally, it is common for patients to experience a sore or scratchy throat for a few days post-surgery.