Final answer:
Surgical positions that increase intraocular pressure include the Trendelenburg position and the prone position.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intraocular pressure can increase during certain surgical positions. One example is the Trendelenburg position, which is commonly used in surgical procedures like pelvic surgery or laparoscopic surgery. In this position, the patient's head is lower than their heart level, causing blood to flow towards the head and increasing pressure in the eyes.
Another example is the prone position, where the patient lies face down. This position can hinder the drainage of fluid from the eyes, resulting in increased intraocular pressure.
In both of these positions, it is important for healthcare providers to monitor and manage intraocular pressure to prevent complications.