Final answer:
The insurance-related terms are 'Claim' and 'Copay'. These terms refer to the request for compensation and the set out-of-pocket payment required by policyholders for specific services, which help mitigate moral hazard.
Therefore, the correct options are: 'Claim' and 'Copay'.
Step-by-step explanation:
A claim is a request made by the policyholder to the insurance company for compensation or coverage for a loss or policy event. The insurance company reviews the claim for its validity and then pays out to the insured or requesting party (on behalf of the insured) once approved.
A copay (copayment) is a set amount the policyholder must pay out-of-pocket for a specific service or medicine at the time it is received, as part of the insurance agreement. It is usually a fixed percentage of the claim amount, which the policyholder pays at the time of a claim.
Deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance are mechanisms in insurance policies that help reduce moral hazard by ensuring that policyholders have a financial stake in their health-related decisions, as they share some of the costs.