Final answer:
A situation where two verbal stimuli exert stimulus control over a common verbal topography is referred to as stimulus equivalence.
Step-by-step explanation:
A situation where two verbal stimuli exert stimulus control over a common verbal topography is referred to as stimulus equivalence. Stimulus equivalence occurs when a learner can respond correctly to one stimulus based on its relation to other stimuli, even if they have not been directly taught the relationship. For example, if a student has learned to match the spoken word 'dog' to a picture of a dog, they may be able to match the written word 'dog' to the picture as well, even if they have not been explicitly taught the written word-picture relationship.
This concept is an important aspect of verbal behavior and is related to theories like behavioral analysis and behavioral psychology.