Final answer:
Unconditioned reinforcers are known as primary reinforcers, which are inherently rewarding and satisfy basic biological needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Unconditioned reinforcers are also known as primary reinforcers. These are reinforcers that have innate reinforcing qualities, meaning they are not learned and satisfy biological needs. An example of a primary reinforcer would be food, which is inherently rewarding. In contrast, secondary reinforcers, such as praise or money, acquire their reinforcing qualities through their association with primary reinforcers. In operant conditioning, a primary reinforcer, like food for Skinner's rats or a toy for a child who has just cleaned their room, plays a crucial role in increasing the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated. An individual's natural inclination for primary reinforcers, like water, food, or pleasure, remains constant as they do not lose their drive for these essential needs.