Question

Bacteria can transcribe and translate human genes to create functional human proteins because

A) Bacteria have a similar genetic code to humans
B) Bacteria can directly incorporate human DNA into their genome
C) Bacteria have the ability to mimic human cellular processes
D) Bacteria possess specialized enzymes for human gene expression

Answer 1

Bacteria can transcribe and translate human genes to create functional human proteins because they possess specialized enzymes for human gene expression.

Step-by-step explanation:

Bacteria can transcribe and translate human genes to create functional human proteins because they possess specialized enzymes for human gene expression. These enzymes are responsible for correctly reading the genetic code and synthesizing the corresponding human proteins.

For example, in the case of producing human insulin, the insulin gene is inserted into a suitable vector, such as the E. coli bacterial cell. The specialized enzymes in the bacteria then transcribe and translate the insulin gene, resulting in the production of chemically identical insulin to the naturally produced human insulin.

Therefore, option D) Bacteria possess specialized enzymes for human gene expression is the correct answer.