Final answer:
Scuba divers must follow key steps when descending and ascending, including agreeing with a buddy, adhering to a dive computer's ascent rates, and using a BC to control their movement, to ensure safety and prevent DCS.
Step-by-step explanation:
The key steps in both descending and ascending for scuba divers include: 1) Agreeing with your buddy before doing either to ensure safety and communication, 2) Staying within your dive computer's allowable ascent rate to prevent decompression sickness (DCS), and 3) Using your buoyancy compensator (BC) to help control your rate of descent or ascent to maintain neutral buoyancy and avoid rapid changes in pressure that could cause injury or DCS.
Therefore, the answer is 4) All of the above.