Final answer:
An expansion joint is used for both horizontal and vertical movement at adjoining concrete surfaces, allowing structures like bridges to adapt to temperature changes without damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of concrete joint that is used for both horizontal and vertical movement at adjoining concrete surfaces is an expansion joint. Expansion joints are critical components designed to absorb the heat-induced expansion and contraction of various construction materials, to absorb vibration, and to allow movement due to ground settlement or earthquakes. They are commonly used in bridges, roadways, and building structures to prevent the concrete from developing stress cracks due to changes in temperature. For example, thermal expansion joints in structures like the Auckland Harbour Bridge in New Zealand allow the bridge to change length without buckling, ensuring the bridge's structural integrity and safety.