Final answer:
The exact number of healthcare personnel infected with HCV is difficult to pinpoint due to undiagnosed cases. HCV transmission in healthcare settings can be mitigated by following strict protocols, including the use of personal protective equipment, thorough cleaning practices, and post-exposure treatments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The exact number of healthcare personnel infected with HCV, or Hepatitis C Virus, is challenging to determine due to undiagnosed cases. HCV is a blood-borne pathogen transmitted through contact with infected blood. It has a mean incubation period of 45 days, and while some cases are asymptomatic or resolve on their own, most infected individuals (75%-85%) become chronic carriers. In healthcare settings, the risk of HCV transmission is not limited to needlestick injuries but can also come from contact with contaminated blood products or personal items like toothbrushes and razors.
To reduce HCV and other healthcare-associated infections (HAI), it is critical to follow protocols: using gloves, face protection, disposable syringes and needles, washing exposed skin with soap and water, providing post-exposure treatment such as hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG), and vaccinating post-exposure. Disinfection protocols, including using a 10% bleach solution for surfaces, can mitigate risks further, and testing blood products helps prevent transmission via transfusions.