Final answer:
Surface weather observers are primarily responsible for preparing surface weather observations and maintaining current station information.
Step-by-step explanation:
The responsibility for preparing surface weather observations and ensuring that their station information is current and maintained primarily falls on the surface weather observers. These individuals are tasked with the careful and accurate recording of weather conditions. Their role is crucial because it involves not only the observation but also the reporting and maintenance of the equipment and data at their respective stations. This ensures that meteorologists and relevant authorities have reliable information for weather prediction and analysis, contributing significantly to public safety and economic planning.