Final answer:
The protocol that converts between IP addresses and domain names is the Domain Name System (DNS).
Step-by-step explanation:
The protocol that converts between IP addresses and domain names is the Domain Name System (DNS).
The DNS is responsible for translating human-readable domain names, such as example.com, into the corresponding IP addresses, such as 192.0.2.1. This translation occurs through a hierarchical system of DNS servers, which store and distribute the mapping between domain names and IP addresses.
For example, when you type a domain name into your web browser, your computer sends a DNS query to a DNS server, which then returns the corresponding IP address. This IP address is used to establish a connection with the web server hosting the website you want to access.