Final answer:
The correct answer is option D.Volatile requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Tiwana-Keil One-Minute Risk article examines the sources of risk in IT projects. One key source of risk outlined in the article is volatile requirements. This risk is about the changing needs or demands of a project's stakeholders which can lead to scope creep, increased costs, and delayed timelines. In the face of a new or novel project, without dedicated staff and under the pressure of competing priorities, such as those experienced within the context of changing political landscapes and fiscal conservatism, management of risk, including through clear and adaptable planning, is crucial for the success of IT projects.
Sometimes, poor early design decisions can lead to failure in meeting customers' needs effectively, which also signifies the importance of proper planning and methodology selection. Ethical dilemmas, such as the ones highlighted in the mini-case study, can create additional risks to both the project's integrity and the viability of future funding.
Lastly, considering asymmetric risk and planning for low-probability but high-impact threats is analogous to buying insurance; it is critical for mitigating potentially catastrophic events that could result in a 'game over' scenario for a project.