Final answer:
In periglacial environments, surface runoff and snowmelt, subsurface water flow, and condensation and precipitation are the three dominant physical processes, influencing the landscape through soil and sediment transport and the formation of various ground patterns due to freeze-thaw cycles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Periglacial Process Dominance
In periglacial environments, which are regions on the edges of glaciers, three physical processes tend to dominate: surface runoff and snowmelt, subsurface water flow, and condensation and precipitation. The extreme cold and fluctuating temperatures in these regions lead to unique soil and water interactions. Surface runoff and snowmelt are crucial in these areas as the melting of ice and snow can significantly influence the landscape by carrying soil and sediment. Subsurface water flow, including the freeze-thaw action within the ground, further shapes the terrain, causing phenomena such as solifluction and patterned ground formation. Condensation and precipitation contribute to the accumulation and melting of snow and ice, which also impacts soil movement and erosion in the periglacial environment.