Final answer:
IoT sensors are integral in predictive maintenance for the energy sector, highlighted by IOS's development of special color-changing sensors for corrosive condition detection in aerospace, which now also serve in chemical threat detection and efficiency improvements in various industries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The IoT sensors play a critical role in predictive maintenance within industries that rely on the smooth functioning of critical equipment or power lines, such as the energy sector. One significant example of IoT sensor application is the development of moisture- and pH-sensitive sensors by Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS), initially contracted by NASA. These sensors are capable of detecting corrosive conditions before they result in structural damage, as indicated by a color change in the chemically sensitive optical fiber. After transitioning from aerospace to defense, these sensors have also proven effective in detecting chemical warfare agents and threats like toxic industrial compounds and nerve agents. Furthermore, these chemically sensitive fiber optics have been utilized in the automotive and aerospace industries, not only as experimental aids for non-traditional power sources but also as cost-effective means for chemical release detection in large facilities. This technology enhances operational efficiency and reliability by enabling anticipatory corrective actions, minimizing the risks of failure and associated costs.