Final answer:
A rectal examination is the process of examining the rectum and anus to evaluate their health and function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of examining the rectum and anus is called a rectal examination. This procedure is done to evaluate the health and function of the rectum and anus. It can be performed by a medical professional, such as a doctor or a nurse, and may involve using various techniques, such as a visual inspection, palpation, or the use of medical instruments like a sigmoidoscope or colonoscope.