Final answer:
Nursing interventions for pulmonary embolism complications include close monitoring, administration of anticoagulants and supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation support, intubation with CPAP as needed, and medications like pulmonary surfactants and corticosteroids to improve lung function and circulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pulmonary Embolism and Nursing Interventions:- When a pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs due to a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), it can lead to life-threatening complications such as obstructive shock or lung damage. Nursing interventions are critical in managing these complications. Priority interventions include:
- Monitoring the patient closely for changes in respiratory status and hemodynamic stability.
- Administering anticoagulants to prevent further clotting.
- Providing supplemental oxygen therapy to improve oxygenation.
- Assisting with mechanical ventilation if respiratory efforts are insufficient.
- Preparing for potential resuscitation including intubation and the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
- Administering medications like pulmonary surfactants, corticosteroids, and in severe cases, thrombolytic therapy.
These interventions aim to restore pulmonary circulation, improve oxygenation, and prevent further embolic events. They are part of a broader strategy that includes supportive therapies such as temperature regulation and nutritional support.