Final answer:
The final pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder with toxic gas being cooled can be calculated for different scenarios using the ideal gas law, considering whether gas leaks out or not, and what temperature is needed to reach a safe pressure level. The practicality of cooling as a solution depends on safety and feasibility considerations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cryotainer safety relief valves in question seem to be tested by cooling a high-pressure gas cylinder with toxic gas after it has been involved in an incident leading to a valve leak. We can solve this problem using the ideal gas law, PV=nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.
Given the initial conditions and the temperature changes, calculations can be made for each of the scenarios:
- (a) To find the final pressure without gas leaking, we can assume n, R, and V remain constant. Using the ratio P1/T1 = P2/T2, we can solve for the final pressure (P2).
- (b) With one-tenth of the gas escaping, we'll adjust n accordingly in the ideal gas law and solve for the new pressure.
- (c) To find the temperature needed to reduce the pressure to 1 atm, we rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for T with the given final pressure.
- (d) The practicality of cooling the tank as a solution depends on the ability to reach and maintain the desired temperature without causing undesirable phase changes or safety hazards.