Final answer:
Child abuse in Iowa is categorized mainly as neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological maltreatment, and medical neglect, with most abuse carried out by parents or relatives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The categories that define child abuse in Iowa include several forms such as neglect, which is the most common form, constituting 78.3% of the cases. Following neglect, there is physical abuse at 10.8%, which may involve actions like beating, kicking, and burning, considered abuse regardless of intention if injury is inflicted. Then, sexual abuse and psychological maltreatment both account for 7.6% of the cases, with the latter involving emotional damage through actions like verbal harassment or humiliation. Lastly, medical neglect accounts for 2.4% of the cases, which occurs when a caregiver fails to provide necessary medical care. It is important to note that most perpetrators are parents or family members.