Final answer:
Rationalism, as a philosophical movement during the Enlightenment, emphasized the use of reason as the primary source of knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rationalism, as a philosophical movement during the Enlightenment, emphasized the use of reason as the primary source of knowledge. This idea challenged the prevailing belief that knowledge came from scripture or religious authorities. Enlightenment thinkers argued that through reason and observation, humans could gain knowledge and make progress in society. René Descartes, a prominent rationalist philosopher, believed that reason alone could determine knowledge independently of the senses.