Final answer:
The word "metes" in a metes and bounds survey refers to the measurements of the property's boundaries, which often used natural landmarks during the colonial era.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a metes and bounds survey is used to describe a property, the word "metes" refers to the measurements of the property's boundaries. The metes and bounds method was introduced by English settlers during the colonial era and involved using natural landmarks and other features to describe the boundaries of a parcel of land. This system of land description was often very irregular and specific to the local geography, as the boundaries were marked by identifiable objects such as trees, rocks, and streams.
However, this created challenges in precisely defining property lines, leading to disputes and confusion. The process also contributed to unequal land distribution, as those who arrived earlier often claimed the better-quality land. In response to the issues posed by metes and bounds, Thomas Jefferson proposed the Rectangular Survey System, a more structured approach that utilized a grid system to allocate lands more equitably among settlers.